说起浙江连环画家，大家首先想到的就是梁平波、钱贵荪、徐有武、黄云松等几位。

今年10月20日-11月2日，著名连环画家钱贵荪画展在浙江美术馆举办。据说这次画展将钱老捐赠给美术馆的数百幅原稿悉数呈现，这样的“大餐”不可错过！

某天清晨，我特意请了假，坐早班火车赶到杭州西湖。沿着幽静的南山路骑行，不多时就看到了浙江美术馆，此时才8点50，大门未开。我意外地在门口遇见一位老先生，他也在等开馆，一聊才发现他竟然是浙江人民美术出版社著名的美编杨德康老师，他和钱贵荪先生是老同学，能有幸结识这位德高望重的前辈令我十分高兴。

钱贵荪是当代著名的连环画家，他生于1936年，浙江南浔人，他出身在美术世家，自小就天赋异禀，酷爱绘画，1958年毕业于中央美院华东分院（现为中国美术学院）附中。先后在浙江幻灯片厂，浙江人民美术出版社工作，他从艺七十年，创作了极多连环画作品，还有一些插画、国画，在浙江乃至全国都很有影响力。

我按照出版顺序，将本次画展中的连环画原稿精选整理出来，供大家学习参考。

《捕象记》1972年

展板上的连环画封面显然是2000年后重绘的，早期的封面肯定不是这样风格。

70年代有好几部描绘捕捉大象的连环画，我印象中郑家声还绘有一本《版纳》，也是同题材，战士们去西南密林为动物园补充大象。虽然钱贵荪没有条件亲临现场，但最终的画面还是很引人入胜。

《捕象记》用的钢笔画技法，但也有一些树荫阴影用上了毛笔烘染。

比起同时期千篇一律的题材，这种捕捉大象剧情显得很有趣，大量的丛林场景，人物很好的融入背景之中。很难想象，这些背景居然是参考了灵隐寺的老树盘藤，还有上海植物园的园林盆景放大所得。

钢笔画技法在表现光线、阴影方面有独特优势，各种排线疏密，角度反映出林中光的衍射反射，还有远近树影。这一点我在阅读黄云松的《神秘岛》时也有类似感悟。

《带响的弓箭》1974年

我小时候只看过钱贵荪的一本连环画，那就是《带响的弓箭》，那会儿也没关注绘画水平，只觉得特务很凶，为虎子担心。

钱贵荪认真学习苏联星火杂志插图，在这本书中运用黑白效果技法，这套原稿在上美社，本次展出仅四幅，是参加省美展重绘的，不过质量也很高。

同《捕象记》一样，主角都是置身于密林之中，只不过这边是东北的林区，捕象是西南西双版纳，植被和光线肯定是不同的。

《小红军》1976

说的是一个机智勇敢小红军战士成长的故事，人物塑造足够生动，这源于钱贵荪先生超凡的速写基础。

黑白之间的对比强烈，似乎是在正午强光照射下。

透过白色涂改液，我们能看到对原本敌军被炸的部分做了修改。

《鉴湖女侠》1979

2022年，钱老捐献了两套完整的连环画原稿到浙江美术馆，《鉴湖女侠》就是其中之一。

这本连环画曾经获得第二届全国连环画评奖绘画二等奖。说的是中国女权运动的开创者秋瑾的故事，后来也有再版大精装（见上图）。

这套原稿平铺在玻璃柜展台内，有将近200幅！美术馆这次毫无保留倾情奉献，机会难得，小歪拍摄到手软，真是又喜又累。

对比前作，我发觉《女侠》品质明显更精细，构图更考究，是线描为主，带有一定的黑白皴染水墨画，风格工细而清新。

人物刻画传神，配景也毫不含糊，下了很大的功夫，这部足以称得上钱老的代表作。

热血碰杯，饮酒舞剑，策马奔腾，这些画面都让我们领略到一位绝世侠女的风采。整体来说，景致都比较秀雅。

这些原稿看起来很少有涂改痕迹，神态把握非常到位。

《半篮花生》1975年

我不知道《半篮花生》是什么故事，但是整本书几十幅画，就在一个小小农家院子里做戏，而钱老可以画出这么多的不同，可见想象力之丰富。

无处不在的鸡成了最好的点缀，我喜欢这类生活气息浓郁，人物形象生动的画作。反观80年代开始涌现的那些夸张变形泛滥的美术作品，反而常令读者摸不着头脑。

画面语言虽然无声，也能传递出很多文本都描述不到的意思。

《张骞的故事》1981

70年代篇就这样翻过去，我们看80年代钱贵荪笔力变化。

张骞是汉代人物，他出使西域诸国，打开了丝绸之路。此前钱贵荪是专心近代题材，这是他初次涉猎古典题材，态度极为认真，采用汉代画像砖风格，用了很多肌理效果。

张骞在浩大沙漠等恶劣环境中行路，画面也透露着粗犷大气。

大量细密的小点来施加暗部阴影，无论是张骞的袍服还是马匹的肌肉，都呈现出一种砖石画的效果，每一笔都显得工整有力。

《龚自珍借道留名篇》1981年

《龚自珍》就是钱老的单线白描作品，曾发表在1981年《连环画报》上，线条粗健有力，这种钉头鼠尾描的衣纹画法在80年代初颇为常见。

《清宫秘史》1982年

清宫这部，细节、构图都颇费心思，我只是觉得人物体态有些僵硬，显然和《鉴湖女侠》不能比，封面的人物好看，内页开脸就降格不少。

《武松》1982年

其实钱老最惯用的还是这种线描加水墨皴染画法，他在绘制《武松》这部时，考虑到单线白描的局限，不能把武打激烈的氛围造出来，于是叠加了小写意的水墨色块。武松这部由于故事经典，被再版成小精、大精，效果都不错。

我对打虎以及蒋门神两段动作比较满意，武松身段灵动，虎虎生风，看起来动感十足，过瘾极了。

西门庆形象还是戏曲人物，看着就比较丑，为啥正派是正常着装，而反派是武生，这种混搭有点古怪。

《血战一江山》1983年

《血战》这本也是全套原稿捐赠给浙江美术馆，有部分稿件展品悬挂太高未能拍摄到。为了传神写实，钱老曾到岛上采风写生，包括战舰、武器、士兵等，做足了准备。

一分耕耘一分收获，《血战》荣获首届浙江省连环画评奖一等奖，让我们细细品味一下原稿巧妙的构思。

看人物眉眼，分明还是《半篮花生》的格调，只是换到了战争剧场。

坟前、暴雨、搏风打浪、军帐私聊、离别话情，战场厮杀《血战》有大量多变的场景，丰富的元素，确属精心打磨之作。

这里战士们的端枪射击，犹如高压水枪把敌军冲倒。

《泰山凯旋》1985年

人猿泰山是一整套套书，钱老画的是其中一册《泰山凯旋》，又是熟悉的密林活动，但凡是涉及到密林场景，钱老的发挥都能让人惊喜。

人类进入猩猩王国，故事充满着奇幻色彩，画面更是惊险刺激。

本作用了钢笔线描，出现了各种猛兽动物，人物动作也奔放肆意，这与故事主题非常相融。

人猿泰山杀狮猎虎，勇猛无畏，钱老擅长速写，对人体结构有很精准的把握，以钢笔线擦出肌肉质感。

《牡丹亭》1988年

我们知道，80年代中期，全国连环画事业开始下滑，画家风格也都开始挣脱约束，释放天性。

我没有见过80年代老版《牡丹亭》，只见90年代有本平装出过，后几次再版，知名度一直不高，钱老用的白描手法，笔力已不如巅峰时期有劲。

《牡丹亭》和《鉴湖女侠》都是歌颂女性，但此处画面就远不及当初《鉴湖》群女聚会的场面细致动人。

《敏豪生奇遇记》1988年

与泰山同一年，还有一本《敏豪生奇遇记》，据说是刊载在浙江少年儿童出版社的书上，没找到具体的书，不过从现场原稿看，我倒是极有兴趣看下整个故事。

诚然，1988年，给少儿看的连环画已经慢慢褪去了精致打磨的细节，而更注意画面主旨，接近一种插画漫画的感觉，钱老用笔虽然简单，还是引起了我去寻找原书的兴致。

一个吹牛大王说自己的奇特经历，于是就有很多匪夷所思的场面，比如骑马登桌，令我想起了电影《美丽人生》的浪漫桥段。

古人有九牛二虎之力，敏豪生这是二马之力。

其他

在展柜中还有不少钱老的插图作品，古今故事各类题材都有。

还有柜台放出所有钱老的连环画图书，排在一起真是赏心悦目。

浙江美术馆在9月还出品了一盒钱贵荪绘画作品集，分连环画卷与中国画卷，由钱老和他夫人一起编辑设计，不对外发售，只赠给朋友、嘉宾。小歪想法子弄到了一套，制作非常精美，基本将本次展出所有稿件纳入，欣赏和收藏价值非常高。集子里我还看到很多为了创作连环画而打的草稿，都是宝贵的资料。

现场有个无限循环播放的济公大战铁佛寺的动画连环画，其实就是把线描人物抠出来扭动一下，配上音效，想来源头也是钱老80年代晚期的作品吧。

小结

本次画展几乎是全面介绍了钱贵荪的连环画代表作，唯一遗憾的是没有看到他的《渔岛之子》。内容相当丰富，简直目不暇接，我只能选择部分拍摄效果较好的给大家欣赏。

还有一个展厅展出了钱老的速写和中国画，由于时间原因我没有仔细看，只是匆匆一瞥。

令人欣慰的是，很多年轻的美术学生在现场慢慢品味欣赏，甚至还有个女生打开画板，对着《带响的弓箭》某一幅原稿临摹起来。

希望这些曾经的艺术瑰宝能给今天的艺术界多一些启发。

最后补录一段杨德康老师提供的资料：

钱贵荪绘画作品展的大量作品是速写与连环画，他是中国美院1954级即首届附中生的速写大王，进附中前已开始画速写、连环画。1958年毕业，全班同学分配工作，他被分在浙江幻制片厂，其实幻灯厂点名要这名附中速写大王，不要大学本科生。

钱贵荪在幻灯厂20年画真人真事短篇连环画，上山下乡下海画了无数速写，等于进了连环画系深造！如果将他画的速写连环画全部展出，可以布满浙江美术馆全部展厅。

很多美院毕业生不会画连环画或画不出高质量的连环画，钱贵荪的艺术人生实际上对美院的教学体系提出了挑战——

即动态的人物速写挑战静态的石膏素描训练！

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