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按钮常开常闭开关图

来源：baiyundou.net   日期：2024-07-08

电工们看看吧，上百种电路，不一定你们都懂一、日光灯类：























































二、断路器、接触器控制回路：
























三、电动机



































































延时






















四：热电偶


































五、电能表






























































六、其他






























电工电路中断路器和交流接触器接线图

断路器主要用作供电线路的保护开关、电动机及照明系统的控制开关，也可用于输、配电系统的某些重要环节。当线路发生短路、过载、欠压等故障时切断故障电路.
　　接触器在机床中用于频繁的接通和分断大电流的电路，具有动作迅速、操作方便和便于远距离控制的特点，但本身不具备短路保护和过载保护能力，因此必须与熔断器、热继电器配合使用.

　　接触器的接线方法有很多种，用的地方不一样，接线方法也不一样，这里指的是接触器的单一接法和多个接触器的接法，一般最常见的就是利用断路器、

按钮开关、热继电器、延时继电器、数字继电器等低压控制元器件产品组合。 其实，无论你用什么接触器其功能和工作原理都是一样，无非是外形不一样。

　　主触头：三个主触头（用来接主控制电路）。

　　辅助触头：现在常用的接触器有CJX1、CJX2接触器这两个产品在辅助触头上有区别，CJX1是由四组辅助触点，可分为2NO(常开）、2NC(常闭），而CJX2从9A-32A都是有一组辅助触头，可组装成 10表示常开；01表示常闭。

　　控制电源：这里就是我们说的线圈电压，正常使用的一般为220V,380V,特殊伏数有12V，24V，36V，48V，72V，110V等。


　　以下介绍电工施工中一些断路器和接触器控制回路接线图:

CJ10-10接触器控制电路

 

接触器接线图-电路实例讲解

 

接触器接线图

　　顺序启动、停止控制电路是在一个设备启动之后另一个设备才能启动运行的一种控制方法，常用于主、辅设备之间的控制，如上图当辅助设备的接触器KM1启动之后，主要设备的接触器KM2才能启动，主设备KM2不停止，辅助设备KM1也不能停止。但辅助设备在运行中应某原因停止运行（如FR1动作），主要设备也随之停止运行。

工作过程：

　　1、合上开关QF使线路的电源引入。

　　2、按辅助设备控制按钮SB2，接触器KM1线圈得电吸合，主触点闭合辅助设备运行，并且KM1辅助常开触点闭合实现自保。

　　3、按主设备控制按钮SB4，接触器KM2线圈得电吸合，主触点闭合主电机开始运行，并且KM2的辅助常开触点闭合实现自保。

　　4、KM2的另一个辅助常开触点将SB1短接，使SB1失去控制作用，无法先停止辅助设备KM1。

　　5、停止时只有先按SB3按钮，使KM2线圈失电辅助触点复位（触点断开），SB1按钮才起作用。

　　6、主电机的过流保护由FR2热继电器来完成。

　　7、辅助设备的过流保护由FR1热继电器来完成，但FR1动作后控制电路全断电，主、辅设备全停止运行。

常见故障；

　　1、KM1不能实现自锁：

　　分析处理：

　　1)、KM1的辅助接点接错，接成常闭接点，KM1吸合常闭断开，所以没有自锁。

　　2)、KM1常开和KM2常闭位置接错，KM1吸合式KM2还未吸合，KM2的辅助常开时断开的，所以KM1不能自锁。

　　2、不能顺序启动KM2可以先启动；

　　分析处理：

　　KM2先启动说明KM2的控制电路有电，检查FR2有电，这可能是FR2接点上口的7号线，错接到了FR1上口的3号线位置上了，这就使得KM2不受KM1控制而可以直接启动。

　　3、不能顺序停止KM1能先停止；

　　分析处理：

　　KM1能停止这说明SB1起作用，并接的KM2常开接点没起作用。分析原因有两种。

　　1)、 并接在SB1两端的KM2辅助常开接点未接。

　　2)、 并接在SB1两端的KM2辅助接点接成了常闭接点。

　　4、SB1不能停止；

　　分析处理：

　　检查线路发现KM1接触器用了两个辅助常开接点，KM2只用了一个辅助常开接点，SB1两端并接的不是KM2的常开而是KM1的常开，由于KM1自锁后常开闭合所以SB1不起作用。

两台电动机顺序起动、顺序停止电路接线示意图 

另介绍一种改进交流接触器接线方法:

　　交流接触器等电气设备的接线端子有很多是采用拱形垫片的。这种接线方法对一个接线端子接一个线头是不成问题的，但要同时接几个线头或粗细不等的线头时，就会产生接触不紧密、螺钉易松动的现象。尤其当接触器用于频繁吸合和释放时，接线端子上的螺钉更易松动。这样就使拱形垫片与线头之间的接触电阻增大，甚至脱离，造成电气设备不动作或发生单相运转等故障。针对上述情况，交流接触器接线端子是拱形垫片时的正确接线方法应是：

　　先在拱形垫片下加两个平垫圈，接线时先把细线或软线弯成一大半圆圈，套在两个平垫圈之间，然后把粗线压在拱形垫片下，把螺钉拧紧，这样无论怎样振动，都和接线端子只接一个线头一样牢固和安全。



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政莫彪844什么是电器开关的常闭常开?哪些开关是这样的开关 -
游购知18535653567 ______ 像接触器、中间继电器、时间继电器还有行程开关等等都是带常开常闭开关的

政莫彪844一个220伏的接触器,一个启动按钮,还有用来停止的行程开关,求接线图? -
游购知18535653567 ______ 以CJX2—5011辅助触点为一常开一常闭,如果接一个自保电路,可以满足控制要求.接线方式如下.以线圈电压220V为例,热继电器常闭一头接电源(L),常闭输出接停止按钮,停止按钮(行程开关)输出接启动按钮,在引一根自锁线到接触器常开输入,常开输出接线圈A2,线圈A2接N线.启动输出接线圈A1.如果需要加指示灯,把电源指示灯直接并联到电源上,工作指示灯直接并联到接触器线圈上.但是这样接线,当限位断开后,接触器不能再次启动.希望能帮到你.

政莫彪844按钮开关触点上11.12.23.24什么意思? -
游购知18535653567 ______ 你好,是什么型号的按钮开关,型号不一样表示的意思也不一样.11、12、23、24是两组触点,一般是一常开一常闭触点比较多.

政莫彪844按钮开关/控制开关接线图 -
游购知18535653567 ______ 你好!这是一个两常开两常闭的连锁开关.比这原先的接线方法接上,最好找个电工接,不要因小失大.你在什么地方,本人小电工一名近的话我可以免费为你接上.

政莫彪8447个接线端子,两个是线圈,3个是常闭常开,还有两个干什么用的? -
游购知18535653567 ______  有常开就有常闭 ,按钮开关都是一个开关内有两组开关的,一组常开一组常闭,也就是说有4个接线端子.常开触点:就是在线圈通电时处于闭合状态,在线圈断电时处于断开状态. 常闭触点:就是在线圈断电时处于闭合状态,在线圈通电时处于断开状态.

政莫彪844PLC程序中的常开及常闭触点代表什么意思 -
游购知18535653567 ______ 常开或常闭触点是指在没有任何外部作用下的自然状态(比如通电),这时候的常开触点就是断开的,常闭就的接通的.在PLC程序中,如果引用了常开触点,那么当对应的I/O外部信号接通时候,常开就有效.常闭正好相反

政莫彪844我想知道常开常闭到底是什么作用 -
游购知18535653567 ______ 开关的常开、常闭是指开关在断开状态下的触点状态,即开关未合闸时常开触点是不能通电的,常闭触点则可以通电,当开关合闸后,则相反. 工作.原理: 开关内部有两头带触点金属杆,在未合闸时,此金属杆由于弹簧的作用使两头触点与上面所说的常闭触点接触,因为常开触点与常闭触点分别在金属杆的两侧,所以常开触点不能接触金属杆,不能通电. 当合闸后,金属杆被推到后面,而与常闭触电分开了,与常开触点则接触上了

政莫彪844常开按钮 常闭按钮 复合按钮的作用是什么?
游购知18535653567 ______ 常开按钮:按下按钮触点导通.常闭按钮:按下按钮触点断开.复合按钮也称组合按钮,该器件分别带有常开和常闭2种或多种按钮.

政莫彪844[扫盲帖]什么是常开,常闭啊? -
游购知18535653567 ______ 常开和常闭主要是针对电器和电子开关的通断状态而言的,对于无源机械触点式开关或者电磁开关,在自由状态下触点处于开路(断开)状态的为“常开”,处于闭合(接通)状态的为“常闭”;对于固态(电子)开关来说,不加控制信号或者电路处于常态时,等效开关电路处于高阻状态的为“常开”,处于低阻状态的为“常闭”. 查看原帖>>

政莫彪844plc中如何通过一个键(点动)实现开关的常开与常闭? -
游购知18535653567 ______ PLC输入 如何理解常开和常闭什么时候导通,记住一句话就可以了: 对于输入是以+24V为公共点的:有高电平(+24V)输入到PLC时,对应的常开点闭合,对应的常闭点断开. 对于输入是以0V为公共点的:有低电平(0V)输入到PLC时,...

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