热敏电阻坏了怎么短接
作者:黄大大么么哒
自己动手做小夜灯主要是能利用各种闲置电池、LED灯等,以及动手体验下乐趣,要不张大妈还是经常能买到各种低价的小夜灯,除了电池可能不太好,但用还是可以的,自己换个18650电池充一次电就能用很久了。
然后自己弄感应夜灯还得买各种元件,虽然成本和成品差不多,但主要是能更好结合实际使用场景来达到更经济实用,比如结合太阳能充电板实现白嫖的人体感应;或者实现夜间低亮度长亮,人过来时高亮;又或者能驱动更大功率的灯条或其他设备等等,适合有工具有动手能力的。
这边主要分享自己动手做的感应灯以及收集到的一些资料。
\n人体感应灯的主要组成元件主要就是:HC-SR501模块、光敏电阻、s8050三极管、LED灯、锂电池、直流升压模块、充电模块。
\nSR501模块,感应灵敏度很不错,延时可调,几秒到几分钟(成品小夜灯大多数固定在20几秒并且不可调),SR501模块可自己焊接光敏电阻和热敏电阻,功能全而且价格便宜,三四元就能包邮。目前网上可买的SR501热释电模块,分为绿色板和蓝色板,两者基本差不多。
\nHC-SR501模块常配合s8050三极管来使用,在不做任何改动的情况下,SR501模块+S8050三极管的工作电压范围在4.5V-20V,输出电流在200毫安~500毫安,如果输入的电压低于4.2V,模块可能会自动不停的触发,建议5v以上使用比较不会出问题。
不接光敏电阻的情况下,模块也可使用,是不管白天还是黑夜都能感应使用,如果要实现夜间才工作,就需要接光敏电阻,如果要实现温度高低来感应还可接热敏电阻。常用光敏电阻型号为5516/5528/5537等,具体好像是型号越大越暗才工作,试验过不同光敏电阻,使用下来感觉影响不大,好像也可并联大电阻实现更暗才感应,具体后续再实践试试。光敏电阻焊接位置在标有RL旁,如图:
\n如果需要降低输出电流,可在SR501模块的输出端(中间的那个排针)和S8050的B极串联适当的电阻。增大电流的可以替换其中的电阻(未实践)。但增大电流增加负载功率时,三极管会发烫,需要加散热。
锂电池额定电压为3.7v,为了达到5v输出,加了一小块的增压模块。该模块体积小,改短接或断开即可实现输出5v/9v/12v,之前并联3个锂电池升压到12v给灯条使用,升压板发热严重,建议这小板还是不要高压大电流使用,或者用支持更高电流的升压板。
锂电池充放电模块就是常用的tp4056,带保护功能,防止电池过充过放,可直接给并联的多颗电池充电,价格也便宜。
然后就是根据接线图,把各模块焊接连线,然后开孔,再热熔胶啥的固定即可。
借鉴的其他人的改造,也是用的86底座和面板来做外壳,输出端暂时用端子接,方便后续放置不同地方时接不同的灯,比如5v的灯条,或者加个电阻来降压给LED灯用。如果换成可调的升压板也是可以升压到12v给主流的灯带使用的,降低亮度就降压或串联电阻即可。
总成本大概如下
\n直流升压模块 :1.5元 、86面板和外壳 :1.5元 、hc-sr501感应模块:3元 、ss8050 :1元 、光敏电阻:1元 、5v COB灯条:1.5元、tp4056带保护模块:1元 、闲置18650电池。
主要工具:电烙铁、热熔胶枪、线材。
阅读更多小夜灯精彩内容,可前往什么值得买查看
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