本素材摘录自《画蟹技法全解》,王承天编绘,节选网络共享内容仅供参考,如需深入学习,请从正规渠道购买正版图书!
一、白描河蟹
河蟹,通称螃蟹,也称毛蟹,头胸甲呈方形,鳌足强大,密生绒毛。其下有四对步足,侧扁而长。雌性河蟹腹部呈圆形,雄性河蟹则呈三角形。河蟹属淡水蟹类,在海边咸水中产卵,幼蟹自海中迁入淡水,穴居于江河湖泊的堤岸、泥滩中。
不同形态的河蟹白描稿
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t0164aa90117c0cfc2e.jpg?size=672x827)
三蟹相聚的构图白描稿
三蟹相聚,须成不等边三角形,且互相呼应。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t017a52a156121c320c.jpg?size=664x888)
多蟹共处的构图白描稿
多蟹共处,须正侧向背、姿态各异,构图则要有聚散变化。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t016f5c9c7527e82b81.jpg?size=644x897)
二、青蟹(背部)画法
步骤一:青蟹又称锯缘青蟹,青绿色,头胸甲短而宽,呈椭圆形,中间有明显的H形凹痕。鳌足强健,第四对步足扁平似桨。先勾出白描稿,然后用淡墨分染。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t018a1ad0642a9dbbd5.jpg?size=677x451)
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t010aab2891ed7dd1d7.jpg?size=677x427)
步骤二:用花青加赭石和少许藤黄分染,干后鳌足内侧及步足的关节等处提染赭墨,鳌足的两钳基部提染胭脂。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01fe9ffce90cf726ea.jpg?size=665x461)
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01602c163e2040430e.jpg?size=668x433)
三、青蟹(腹部)画法
步骤一:勾出白描稿后,用淡墨分染。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01cd58870b0c8ae8f1.jpg?size=674x439)
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01c5504161f5b6a1c9.jpg?size=682x431)
步骤二:用花青加赭石和少许藤黄分染,相比于画背部的蟹,用色淡些,染的范围小些。干后在鳌足内侧及步足的关节处提染赭墨,鳌足的两钳基部用胭脂提染,腹部及足的内侧用淡白粉提染。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01711d3b7826aede1d.jpg?size=667x438)
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01996f9579deb4315e.jpg?size=659x428)
四、梭子蟹画法(熟蟹)
步骤一:首先绘制白描稿。梭子蟹头胸甲宽大,两侧有尖尖的长刺,略呈梭形,故名。颜色为暗紫色或浅灰绿色。鳌足长大发达,多为紫红色,有白色斑点。第四对步足指节扁平如桨,适于游泳,可称为泳足。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t0151feae7c5b7638e0.jpg?size=654x416)
步骤二:用淡墨分染。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t017d3fc8743c09d428.jpg?size=656x435)
步骤三:用曙红加朱磦罩染、分染。红色画在墨底之上,不要把底色完全盖住,要露出一些墨色。笔尖再蘸少许胭脂画鳌足的尖头等处。着色后,趁湿在头胸甲和鳌足上点淡白粉。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t0175006582185e7293.jpg?size=648x430)
步骤四:最后用白粉略加藤黄提染,重点染腹部。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01a5763a21e61d0cb6.jpg?size=655x433)
五、梭子蟹画法(生蟹)
步骤一:绘制白描稿。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t0174d9d3a6caf8cc87.jpg?size=650x423)
步骤二:用浓淡墨分染,此处墨色比在画熟蟹时渲染略重些。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t016e75edc9a08f9ed3.jpg?size=644x425)
步骤三:用紫色分染,注意不要完全盖住墨的底色。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t0181beeed3d1d2992b.jpg?size=646x408)
步骤四:用淡赭石提染头胸甲及鳌足、泳足等处,花青提染步足等处,白粉提染腹、足等处。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t0165f5e4fa01b9c2c2.jpg?size=639x416)
六、《稻熟江村蟹正肥》画法步骤
步骤一:用勾线笔绘制白描稿,用笔要有虚实转折的变化,以表现蟹质地坚硬、曲折多变的外形。正面蟹用墨稍深,背面蟹用墨宜淡。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t019a25f66eb8c1cc8d.jpg?size=654x414)
步骤二:分染。用羊毫或白云笔蘸墨分染,画正面蟹用浓墨,背面蟹用淡墨,如一次不足,可多染几次。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01f080ef15a70f796f.jpg?size=653x421)
步骤三:头胸甲及足用墨统染一遍,使其有整体感。鳌足的绒毛先用墨画,趁湿注入赭石水。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t014498162b7e6f7ef2.jpg?size=656x443)
步骤四:用花青略加藤黄和墨罩染,背面蟹罩染范围小,色宜淡。用赭石提染正面蟹及背面蟹的关节等处。干后用白粉略加藤黄提染背面蟹,最后,题款、钤印,完成作品。
![](https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/t01835dfb359603bb83.jpg?size=535x485)
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