山水画自古以来就是广为人们喜爱的一种艺术形式，它是画家观照表现山林丘壑，与自然心照神交的产物，而工笔山水（主要是青绿山水和界画）因其刻画景物的精微细致、色彩艳丽华贵成为早期山水画的主流。中国山水画(特别是重彩画)发端于六朝隋唐，成熟于五代兩宋，至宋元以降，重彩水墨分野。元明以后，由于文人的参与及宣纸的应用，水墨统治了画坛。以致于今日不少国人不知“丹青”为何物，以为中国画就是水墨画，而丹青重彩画几乎处于“被遗忘的角落”，特别是天然矿物重彩颜料的应用技法几近失传。
现代重彩山水是近几十年来随着画坛多元格局的出现才逐渐形成气候的一个较年轻的山水画旁支，它源于传统又有别于传统，拓展了传统工笔山水的发展空间，它继承并发展了传统工笔山水对意境美、丘壑美的追求，加之借鉴西方色彩学原理以及丙烯燃料、日本原物颜料的运用，于色彩方面有了较大的突破。
一、现代重彩山水构图
构图是山水创作中准备阶段的重要环节，对营造作品的意境美和形式美至关紧要，即使是经验极丰富的画家，在创作时往往也要画很多小稿，反复推敲修改，以选择和确定最理想的构图。
山水的构图要遵循两大原则，一是构图服务于作品的主题和意境，二是体现画面自身的形式美。无论构图如何千变万化，其总的规律不外乎“在变化中求均衡，在平正中求奇险”。以下介绍几种创作中常用的构图。
1.开合法
属传统构图法，有山有水，生动多变，能最有效地表现山陵河谷的幽深曲折及丰富层次，此幅将开会法与金字塔式相结合，突破了传统的构图模式，增添了新意。↓↓↓
2.水平分割法
脱胎于平面构成，给人以坦荡恢宏、雄浑大气的感觉，注意水平分割的空间不能平均，要有阔有窄，每一空间应有变化，切忌呆板，局部可用垂直破水平，但总体需呈水平势向。↓↓↓
3.几何分割法
属平面构成，将大大小小以矩形为主的几何体来分割整个画面，使之产生特有的节奏和韵律，以表现古民居整体而丰富的结构美及民族审美意识中雍容大度的文化内涵，建筑被喻为凝固的音乐，此法能有效地增强作品的音乐性。↓↓↓
4.对称构图
为传统章法所忌，但用以画高昌、交河故国，表现这类记录历史沧桑巨变的纪念碑式的古代遗址却相当适宜，可营造出一种庄重、肃穆、神秘的气氛。此法运用的关键是对称中求变化，切忌机械式的刻板对称。↓↓↓
5.S形构图
属西洋构图法，表现江南水乡风物非常合适，既有烟波水天的开阔舒展，又有莲湖渔舍的灵动秀美，画面生动多变，虚实相宜。↓↓↓
二、白描画法步骤图
《枕河人家》示范步骤图
步骤一：速写构图：主体民居、廊桥、丛树组合为一不等边三角形，远山近岸为两条相呼应之弧线，轻舟点景。↓↓↓
步骤二：以不同弧度和长短的曲线按结构画主体建筑的轮廓，表现出大的框架和体面关系。适度变形，可打破透视关系，追求生动的艺术情趣。↓↓↓
步骤三：用较密的曲线画屋顶瓦行、栏杆花窗及墙基石脚，使画面形成以矩形为主体，辅以三角形、菱形、半月形的较丰富的几何体组合，注意每一局部疏密程度的微妙区别，切忌平均分布。↓↓↓
步骤四：添点叶树丛，加轻舟人物。桥孔、墙、坡岸处用焦墨点苔，聚散疏密有致，并适应刻画远山，线条应简洁舒展。↓↓↓
三、白描作品赏析
深院消夏↓↓↓
湘黔春寨↓↓↓
高原羚影↓↓↓
幽谷清流↓↓↓
四、景物的分解画法
1.树法
西北地区的树以团块状为主，这种团块在现代重彩山水画里十分协调，因为现代重彩山水的画面常以几何体构成，强调整体感和形式美。↓↓↓
2.石法
裸露山石：坚硬方折，从传统折带、方解皴演化而来，元人钱选有些法，着赭墨或暖绿色。↓↓↓
南方丘陵：从披麻皴演化出，凹处施赭墨，明处着石绿或石青。↓↓↓
水中小屿：浮于水面的绿色草坡，有时上有丛树，枯水期四周呈露沙滩。↓↓↓
坡岸：上层为草坡，下层为沙砾或石质堤岸，线条上疏下密，色彩上冷下暖，以形成局部对比，岸下常有沙滩。↓↓↓
雪山：线条上疏下密，用线着色宜轻淡，以墨花青染天空以映衬雪山，有时可罩以极淡之花青。↓↓↓
3.苏皖民居画法
勾轮廓，以平面分割原理将复杂的形体按结构化为简单的几何体，反复染出瓦壁门窗等不同的明暗层次。↓↓↓
以墨绿色侧锋皴擦壁面，下深上淡，以墨花青染屋顶，深红染花窗，可以反复多遍，直到满意为止。↓↓↓
江南水巷古宅园门，面水而开，为上下舟楫或院洗所设。↓↓↓
苏皖古民居之封火墙，富有装饰美，此为最常见的一种。↓↓↓
4.江南水乡点景三例
浙皖新安江一带之小舟，两头尖，中有篷盖。↓↓↓
水边引桥，由毛竹木板构成，上下舟楫所用，极富水乡情趣。↓↓↓
小型石拱桥，线条曲直对比，造型简洁。↓↓↓
五、彩色画法分步示范
1.《故园静夜》示范
步骤一：勾轮廓，将复杂的古建筑按结构概括为简单的几何体组合，线条变直为曲，以矩形为主的块面大小错落榫接，务求节奏韵律分明。↓↓↓
步骤二：以淡墨层层渲染，分出结构关系和明暗层次，屋顶部分可先着一遍中等深度之墨色，等干后再以较深之墨渲染出瓦行的条状结构。↓↓↓
步骤三：墙面以淡赭墨湿染一遍，侧锋皴擦，用笔保持垂直走势，以表现雨水流痕；以墨花青染屋顶门洞，极淡之墨花青染天空，烘托出满月；以淡赭墨染树枝，朱砂加曙红加少许墨着红叶。以上步骤完毕，待干透后，可再染一遍。↓↓↓
步骤四：以较深之赭墨染老墙，可反复多遍，以求苍老斑驳之状。以墨花青画淡云，用朱砂加厚红叶，淡黄染月。干后以淡曙红在房屋天空上整体罩染一遍，使画面色调更为统一。最后以重墨提深屋顶瓦沟及其它需要加深的局部，使整幅作品更有精神，然后题款盖章。↓↓↓
2.《丝路遗韵》示范
步骤一：取金字塔式构图，按结构勾轮廓，以曲线为主，有疏有密。下置一野骆驼，以维系古今。↓↓↓
步骤二：以浓淡不同的墨色染遗址及背景，分出遗址的大小块面，使用版画中黑白灰相衬托的艺术手法，使画面层次简洁分明，主体明亮突出。↓↓↓
步骤三：以土黄加墨轻染遗址，用笔以侧锋为主，宜毛，忌平涂以熟褐和墨染戈壁与背景，以淡墨花青染天空，山顶部分着淡曙红。注意染色不宜过重过深，如不够可染第二遍。↓↓↓
步骤四：以较深的色墨反复渲染，色彩过渡应自然生动，逐步增强画面的厚重感和明度对比。在水平山丘上略施曙红或朱砂，以求色彩和统一中有变化。最后以较深的赭墨画投影，以重墨提深暗部，然后题款盖章。↓↓↓
3.《天山月明》示范
步骤一：构图为开合式加金字塔式。轮廓线以方折与圆曲相结合，裸露山石与雪山为方折线条，山坡浅滩丛树为圆曲线条。注意疏密对比。↓↓↓
步骤二：按结构用深浅不同的墨色染出山石的体面与阴暗层次，以渐变的淡墨染出山坡的起伏，以较深的墨色染丛树。↓↓↓
步骤三：以墨赭色染坡石，生赭加墨着浅滩，草绿加墨加赭色着山坡，草绿加墨染山石，草绿加重墨着树丛，以淡墨花青染天空及水。此步骤中山坡部分的着色主要是为下一步着石青石绿打底，应有深浅起伏，宜灰，故和以赭色。↓↓↓
步骤四：侧锋加皴擦，逐步加深加重山石坡脚等处的色彩。以石青石绿着山坡，可重复二至三遍，使之凝重厚实，并注意色彩冷暖的微妙变化。以墨花青在天空已有底色的基础上画淡云。画水用小混点法，蘸墨花青层层加深，近深远淡，最后提深山石暗部与树丛等画面中较深的部分，然后题款盖章。↓↓↓
六、作品欣赏
天山皓月↓↓↓
西递深秋↓↓↓
洞天春色↓↓↓
河谷晓曙↓↓↓
莲湖渔村↓↓↓
练江人家↓↓↓
水乡春酣↓↓↓
丝路遗韵↓↓↓
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经贡群1861直角三角形怎么画 -
金详张13910755763 ______ 先用三角板,画个直角. 再把两条线段的另两个点连接就可以了.
经贡群1861怎么画等腰直角三角形. -
金详张13910755763 ______[答案] 画一条横线,找出中点,然后向上再画一条竖线,竖线上的任何一点与横线的两个端点连起来就是一个等腰三角形.这要根据实际情况来处理.
经贡群1861三角形怎么画角平分线.是用圆规怎么画的,哪个大神知道 -
金详张13910755763 ______[答案] 角AOB交于点O. 以O为圆心,任意长为半径,画弧交OA、OB于a、b点. 分别以a、b为圆心,等长为半径画弧,交于C、D点,C、D、O在一条直线上. 连接CO或DO,就是角平分线.
经贡群1861七下1.6数学,用尺规作三角形怎么画, -
金详张13910755763 ______ 有三种作法,1、已知两边和夹角作三角形,可先作角,然后在角的两边截取已知线段. 2、已知两角和夹边作三角形,可先作线段,然后以线段的端点作已知角. 3、已知三边作三角形,先作一条线段等于已知线段,以两个端点为圆心,另外两条线段为半径画弧,两弧的交点和端点连接.
经贡群1861怎么画个三角形
金详张13910755763 ______ 画出三条线,然后组合!内角和为180度,就是很正常规的三角形了.
经贡群1861尺规作图怎么画三角形三个内角的角平分线 -
金详张13910755763 ______[答案] 以三角形的顶点为圆心画弧 交三角形两边两点 再分别以这两点为圆心以相同的长为半径画两条弧 使两弧交于一点连接三角形的顶点与这个交点的射线为三角形的角平分线
经贡群1861怎么画等腰直角三角形 -
金详张13910755763 ______ 1、在菜单【视图】/【工具栏】里选中【绘图】,显示出绘图工具栏. 2、绘图工具栏中的“自选图形”/“基本形状”里有直角三角形,画的时候按住Shift键.
经贡群1861怎么画等腰三角形,口述或者画图都行 -
金详张13910755763 ______[答案] 先画底边,底边垂直平分线上的点到底边两点连接的线段组成的三角形都是等腰的
经贡群1861三角形的三条高怎么画? -
金详张13910755763 ______ 在画锐角、直角和钝角三角形的高、中线和角平分线之前,我们首先需要画出这些三角形的边.1. 锐角三角形:- 画出三条任意长度不相等的线段作为三角形的边.- 这些线段的交点就是三角形的顶点.- 确保这些线段满足三角形的边长条件,即...
经贡群1861相似三角形怎么画 -
金详张13910755763 ______ 1、利用点工具和线段工具作三角形ABC. 2、利用线段工具,按住Shift键,作出线段.选中线段的两个端点并且按Ctrl+H,隐藏直线上的两个控制点,如下图所示. 3、用点工具在直线上构造三个点D、E、F,用移动箭头工具依次选取点D、E、F,由菜单“变换”——“标记比”,标记这个比. 4、双击点A,选取三角形的三边和三个顶点,由菜单“变换”——“缩放”弹出缩放对话框后,选择“标记比”点击“缩放”进行设置,如下图所示. 5、拖动点F在直线上移动,可以看到相似三角形的变化.