《百家姓》是一部关于汉字姓氏的作品。按文献记载，成文于北宋初。原收集姓氏411个，后增补到504个，其中单姓444个，复姓60个。
《百家姓》采用四言体例，对姓氏进行了排列，而且句句押韵，虽然它的内容没有文理，但对于中国姓氏文化的传承、中国文字的认识等方面都起了巨大作用，这也是能够流传千百年的一个重要因素。
焦姓是中国人常见的姓氏，在姓氏排行榜中列第一百三十三位，主要分布在河南、阳北、山东。当今焦姓人口大约占是全国人口的0.1%，总人口大约有133万。
焦姓始祖焦伯，神农氏的后裔。焦氏的得姓早在周朝之时，迄今已有3000多年的历史，是华夏古老姓氏之一、也是南夷的大姓之一。周朝初年，周武王大肆分封诸侯，除分封有功之臣及王族外，还分封前代圣贤之后，经查访，他找到神农氏的嫡系后裔，就将其封于焦，建立焦国，因其为伯爵，故世称焦伯。春秋时，焦国被晋国所吞并，其后子孙即以故国为氏，称焦姓。他们尊焦伯为焦姓的得姓始祖。
一、姓氏意义与原始图腾
焦的本义是烤小鸟，即把小鸟烤黄之意思。
甲骨文、金文中焦字像火上烤着一只鸟，小篆的焦字上部变成三只鸟。烤麻雀之类小鸟时，稍不留神一烤就焦，所以焦字又引申为火烤后的焦枯状态，也用来泛指干枯、干燥之义。
焦人以火烧沼泽中芦苇草木，将不善飞的禽鸟之类烧死，以便采食。焦人以此为氏族的名称和图腾，并作为族徽，他们居住过的地方带有焦字，并以焦名山和水，建立的城堡称焦邑，最终出现焦国和焦姓。
二、姓氏起源与发展传承
焦姓来源主要有两支：姜姓和姬姓。
第一支源出姜姓。周武王封神农之后于焦，故地在今河南陕县。不久周灭之，因氏。其国人东迁于焦城，故地在今河南中牟西。至东周受郑国之迫，南迁焦邑，故地在今安徽毫县，春秋时为陈地。又被迫北迁鲁焦城，故地在今山东嘉祥青山东，春秋中叶焦国灭，地人鲁。其后子孙以国名为氏，姜姓焦氏的历史有3000年。
第二支出自姬姓。虞、虢、焦、滑皆姬姓国，后为晋所灭，子孙以国名为氏。一说，焦、谯原为同一姓，召康公爽辅佐周成王有功，其子孙封为谯侯，故地在今河南陕县，姜姓焦国故址，后为晋武公所灭，子孙以国名为氏，有谯、焦氏。姬姓焦氏的历史至少有2600年。
三、民族融合与基因融入
焦姓的组成比较复杂，外族血液大规模加人焦姓早在南北朝时已经开始，主要发生在西北和西南地区。
南朝时甘肃和四川一带氏人已经形成南安郡焦姓大族，随后在四川南部、云贵地区的南中夷四姓中有焦氏，成为叟族大姓。唐时吐蕃人、宋朝时宁夏地区的西夏党项族中有焦姓。清初满洲八旗姓觉佳氏后改为汉姓焦。
四、历史迁移与人口繁衍
先秦时期，焦姓活动于河南，山东地区，后向西、向南迁移。到汉晋时期，焦姓的血液已经多样化，与西南和西北的土著有密切关系，焦姓足迹已抵西南和西北。到唐宋时，焦姓已经分布于南方各地。
宋朝时期，焦姓大约有5万人，约占全国人口的0.07%，排在第一百五十位以后。主要集中于安徽、河南，山东、河北。
安徽为焦姓的第一大省，占焦姓总人口的39%。全国形成了以安徽为中心的焦姓分布区，明朝时期，焦姓大约有93000人，约占全国人口的0.1%，排在第一百四十九位。主要集中于陕西、江苏、山西，三省焦姓大约占焦姓总人口的55%；其次分布于山东，河南，河北、湖南。
陕西为焦姓第一大省，约古焦姓总人口的21%。宋元明期间，其人口的流动主要由中原向西北和向东南移动，全国形成了以西北陕晋，东南江苏为中心的两块焦姓人口聚集地。
五、当代分布与姓氏图谱
当代焦姓人口已达133万，大约占全国人口的0.1%，排在全国第一百三十三位。
自宋朝至今1000余年，焦姓人口的增加率呈上升的态势，这也反映了西南叟人和西北氏人焦姓人群汉化的速度。主要分布于河南、河北、山东三省，大约占焦姓总人口的42.6%；其次分布于山西、陕西、安徽、江苏、甘肃，这五省集中了焦姓总人口的26.9%。
河南占焦姓总人口的18.4%，为焦姓第一大省。全国形成了以河南为中心向外散布的焦姓人口分布特征。
六、郡望堂号与楹联家训
1、郡望堂号
焦姓的郡望有中山、广平、冯翊。焦姓以不苟为其堂号。
“不苟”堂号典出三国魏国焦光，焦光避乱居扬州焦山，在荒野河边结庐独居，过着以天地为栋宇，饥不苟食、寒不苟衣的生活，相传活了一百多岁。皇甫谧夸他是“羲皇以来第一人”。
2、宗祠楹联
朝廷三老；天地一庐。
书楼藏目；乐府志哀。
河图受秘；酒国惊筵。
秧溪为带，枫岭作屏，蔚矣仙源之秀；习武夺魁，修文称首，美裁世德之隆。
目前国内外的图书馆和其他单位正式公布收藏了焦姓族谱17部。
七、姓氏名人与宗族先贤
《中国人名大辞典》收入焦姓历代名人49名，占总名人数的0.11%，并列排在名人姓氏的第一百五十五位。
焦姓的著名文学家占中国历代文学家总数的0.04%，并列排在第二百一十八位；焦姓的著名医学家占中国历代医学家总数的0.08%，并列排在第一百六十位；焦姓的著名美术家占中国历代美术家总数的0.088%，并列排在第一百四十七位。
焦姓历代名人：西汉经学家焦延寿；唐朝与李白同称“饮中八仙”的焦遂；南朝刘宋朝侍中焦子章；明朝学者焦竑，画家焦白；清朝哲学家、数学家、戏曲理论家焦循，画家焦秉贞。
杨秀和，字晓阳，号畅春斋主，当代著名书法家、画家、文化学者。杨秀和先生同时还是中国书画院院士、中国国艺人民书画院院士、北京市楹联学会书画院理事、中国民俗摄影家协会理事、北京海图书画苑首席艺术顾问。还被授予“当代实力派书画家”、“德艺双馨书画家”、“传统书画传承人”等众多荣誉称号。杨秀和先生1955年生于北京，2021年被录入《中国名人辞典》。
杨秀和先生坚持六十年临池不辍，研究历代名家名作，习遍二王、欧、颜、柳、赵诸家精品，楷、行、隶、篆、草五体皆能，以隶书见长。经过长期努力和刻苦钻研，主攻秀气、隽永的汉隶，形成了自己独特的风格，独创枯枝体隶书，在书法学术方面享有盛誉。其国画以书入画，也有很高水平，功底深厚，属传统功力型书画家。
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