《百家姓》是一部关于汉字姓氏的作品。按文献记载,成文于北宋初。原收集姓氏411个,后增补到504个,其中单姓444个,复姓60个。
《百家姓》采用四言体例,对姓氏进行了排列,而且句句押韵,虽然它的内容没有文理,但对于中国姓氏文化的传承、中国文字的认识等方面都起了巨大作用,这也是能够流传千百年的一个重要因素。
左姓是中国人常见的姓氏,在姓氏排行榜中列第一百三十五位,在中原地区分布较多。当今左姓人口大约占全国人口的0.1%,总人口大约有131万。
得姓始祖左彻。上古时期黄帝的官吏,传说曾帮助黄帝铸造三鼎于荆山之阳,令人惋惜的是黄帝在鼎成之日与世长辞。左彻悲痛难当,泪如雨下,于是他拿来黄帝的衣冠和权杖进行祭祀,以慰黄帝在天之灵。左彻之举,无疑为性情中人所为,乃获得世人之敬重。据传左彻为古时左国之嫡裔,由于左国立国之人无传,故左姓人奉左彻为其得姓始祖。
一、姓氏意义与原始图腾
左的本义是相助。
在甲骨文中,左字像一只左手,下附加工字,构成了象形字。古人定义右字:用口说还不能完成的动作,必须用左手重复相助,方能完成。那么,左是做辅助动作的,含有工具、修饰等义。
左字后来被引申为方位之字,与右字相对。左的最初之义是辅佐,具褒义和亲近之意。古时部落盟主的主要辅佐氏族有称左氏族的,左自然成为氏族的徽记和图腾,所在之地称左地,左人所建的城堡称左邑,进而发展为左国和姓。
二、姓氏起源与发展传承
左姓主要起源有五大支:古左国、芈姓、姜姓、子姓和姬姓。
第一支出自古左国。传说黄帝末期有臣左彻,协助铸造三鼎,三鼎成功之日,为黄帝去世之日,左彻为黄帝祭祀。左彻为古左国之后裔。古左国的族属和史迹已经不可稽考。传说黄帝的后裔在春秋时期在今河北唐县西北的左人乡建立左人国,后为狄人所灭。左人之先祖或为古左国之后裔,左人乡或为古左国早期活动地之一。左姓的历史至少有5000年。
第二支源自芈姓。春秋时楚国有左史之官,楚公族左史倚相、左史老均为楚国的左史,也以左史为氏。后改为单姓左。
第三支源自姜姓。春秋初期,齐国有右公子和左公子之官,为公族子弟所世袭,其后有左公、左自复姓,后均改单姓左。
第四支源出子姓。春秋时,宋国公族之后有左氏,当系左师氏之后。
第五支系自姬姓。春秋时,卫国和郑国都设置左公子官,由公族子弟担任,其后也有左氏。
以上五支左姓的族系已经混乱,不能再一一稽考清楚。西周初期,周室和主要诸侯列国均设置左氏之官,专门掌管观察天象和记录君王言行,是朝廷和诸侯内部重要的辅佐官职。这类官职均为公族担任和世袭,久官之后,支系中必有以官名为氏的。
三、民族融合与基因融入
左姓虽然是一族比较复杂的群体,但一直没有发生外族基因大批流入左姓人群的事件。
明清时期,今云南巍山地区的土司中开始选用汉族左姓,在与当地汉民交流中逐渐与汉民通婚,互有基因流动。清朝初期,满洲八旗哈斯呼氏族集体改姓左,他们中的大部分后来成为东北地区的左姓汉人。
四、历史迁移与人口繁衍
先秦时期,左姓起源比较紊乱,群体分散,但主要仍集中在河北、山东和河南。魏晋南北朝时期在济阳形成了望族,济阳郡所辖的地区相当于今天的河南兰考东、山东东明南一片地域,最终形成华东地区的著名姓氏。
宋朝时期,左姓大约有4万人,排在第二百位以后。浙江是左姓第一大省,约占左姓总人口的37%,江西、广东、安徽、四川,河南等地分布也比较多。明朝时期,左姓大约有12万人,排在第一百二十三位。
江西是左姓第一大省,约占左姓总人口的20%。全国左姓主要分布在江西、山东、陕西、安徽,四省大约占左姓总人口的66%;其次分布在湖北、山西、四川、云南、湖南、河北等省。
五、当代分布与姓氏图谱
当代左姓人口约有131万,排在全国第一百三十五位,大约占全国人口的0.1%。主要分布于河南、湖南,四川、河北,湖北、山东、安徽、江苏,这八省的左姓占左姓总人口的60.2%;其次分布于江西、重庆、云南,这三省市占左姓总人口的12.9%。
河南是左姓第一大省,约占左姓总人口的8.1%;紧随其后的湖南、四川和河北依次占7.9%、7.9%、7.8%。
全国左姓分布的特征是比较均匀地分布在南起湖南、东临皖苏、北达冀鲁、西越川渝这片地域。
六、郡望堂号与楹联家训
1、郡望堂号
左姓郡望是济阳郡。左姓以高义为其堂号。
“高义”堂号典出春秋的左伯桃。一年冬天,左伯桃和羊角哀共往楚国谋职,路遇大雪,天寒食绝。为免两人一起冻饿而死,左伯桃把自己的衣服和剩下的粮食都给了羊角哀,自己钻进大树洞内。待羊角哀从楚国得官后,回去寻找左伯桃,发现左伯桃已冻饿而死在树洞内。羊角哀劈开树洞,重新安葬了左伯桃。
2、宗祠楹联
作春秋传;成骞谔名。
明推忠毅;清著文襄。
羽翼圣经;匡襄国政。
千古素臣垂会绪;三都丽赋诵清芬。
庆延登科,妻辞非偶;太冲作赋,妹亦能文。
目前国内外的图书馆和其他单位正式公布收藏了左姓族谱47部。
七、姓氏名人与宗族先贤
《中国人名大辞典》收入左姓历代名人67名,占总名人数的0.15%,排在名人姓氏的第一百二十三位。
左姓的著名文学家占中国历代文学家总数的0.09%,并列排在第一百五十八位;左姓的著名医学家占中国历代医学家总数的0.09%,并列排在第一百五十位;左姓的著名美术家占中国历代美术家总数的0.14%,并列排在第一百一十五位。
历史上左姓的重要人物:春秋史学家、鲁国太史左丘明;东汉书法家左伯,政论家左雄;西晋文学家左思、左芬;宋朝进士左庆延;明朝名臣御史左光斗,名将左良玉;清朝洋务派和湘军首领、大臣左宗棠,将领左宝贵。
杨秀和,字晓阳,号畅春斋主,当代著名书法家、画家、文化学者。杨秀和先生同时还是中国书画院院士、中国国艺人民书画院院士、北京市楹联学会书画院理事、中国民俗摄影家协会理事、北京海图书画苑首席艺术顾问。还被授予“当代实力派书画家”、“德艺双馨书画家”、“传统书画传承人”等众多荣誉称号。杨秀和先生1955年生于北京,2021年被录入《中国名人辞典》。
杨秀和先生坚持六十年临池不辍,研究历代名家名作,习遍二王、欧、颜、柳、赵诸家精品,楷、行、隶、篆、草五体皆能,以隶书见长。经过长期努力和刻苦钻研,主攻秀气、隽永的汉隶,形成了自己独特的风格,独创枯枝体隶书,在书法学术方面享有盛誉。其国画以书入画,也有很高水平,功底深厚,属传统功力型书画家。
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于泽选4219有谁知道保荐人胜任能力考试的考试成绩有效期是多久?
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 保荐人胜任能力考试自2005年后每年考试一次,考试成绩有效期为一年.考试科目为证券知识综合考试、投资银行业务专业考试两科.每科考试时间为 3 小时,每科总分 100 分,合格线为 60 分,两科全部合格者视为考试通过.
于泽选4219城郊地区有哪些优势呢?
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 城郊地区由于具有信息和交通的优势,在蔬菜出口外销方面, 信息发达,许多国家的商社在大城市有办事机构,为蔬菜的出口和 市场销售提供了众多商机.
于泽选4219芦荟苦瓜补水面膜如何制作?
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 芦荟苦瓜补水面膜制作方法: 1.芦荟、黄瓜洗净去皮,切块后榨 汁; 2.加入蜂蜜,搅拌均匀即可.
于泽选4219从台山市自己开车去茂名市我想自己从台山市开车去茂名市的茂港区全程
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 如从新台高速台城入口出发到茂港区大概要290公里左右,先入新台高速往司前方向,转入佛开高速往开平方向,转入开阳高速,阳茂高速,茂湛高速,在新塘村哪里下,走s280往电白县方向走,第一个花圃往第一出口走,第二个花圃往第一个出口走进g325第三个花圃走第二出口走进s281过桥走3.6公里转右便是
于泽选4219下载需要积分这个是什么意思
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 下载需要积分,意思是别人下载你的资料或你下载别人的资料所必须付出的积分值,比如设置为10分的话,别人下载你的资料就要付出10分(应该是11分,因为只要下载资料就给1分),曾经爱问设置过最高300分的下载需要积分,有不少人利用这个特点作弊,后来改掉了这个弊端.
于泽选4219一件毛衣原价180元,现价150元,这件毛衣比原价降低了百分之几?
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 这件毛衣比原价降低了百分之十七.希望能帮到你,麻烦点击 “好评”,祝福你(^_^)
于泽选4219可以穿插等候的车辆行驶吗?遇到车辆排队等候或者缓慢行驶的情况,可
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 【案例】2009年11月28日中午,正值下班高峰期,在某拥挤 道路口、由南向西左拐弯绿灯放行,就在排队等候的车辆缓慢起步 时,直行车道上的一辆红色轿车突然打左转...
于泽选4219你好,我想知道手指甲中间凹陷流脓是什么病啊?全部症状:15岁左右
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 如果是大多数指甲或者是全部指甲中间凹陷,大多是缺铁引起的贫血造成的.如果只有个别的有这种现象,并且还有流脓,应该是甲沟炎引起的指甲下脓肿造成的,应尽快去医院普外科检查治疗.
于泽选4219我鼻子2边有那样白色的东西像针一样在皮肤表面用手一登就出来了那是?
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 你好,这种情况一般考虑是挤出的皮脂,无其他症状就没有什么问题的,建议尽量避免挤压
于泽选4219手上长了像锅巴一样的东西这个东西洗不掉,在我手臂上很多年了并无过
韦哑林17219753724 ______ 这是疤痕,假如是上臂,考虑是小时候接种水痘疫苗留下的,假如是其他地方,考虑是曾经有过烫伤或者蚊虫咬伤留下的.