吴昌硕（1844.8.1-1927.11.29），浙江省孝丰县鄣吴村（今湖州市安吉县）人。原名俊，又名俊卿，字昌硕，又署仓石、苍石，多别号，常见者有仓硕、缶庐、苦铁、大聋、老缶、老苍、缶道人、石尊者等。晚清民国时期著名国画家、书法家、篆刻家，“后海派”代表，杭州西泠印社首任社长，与任伯年、蒲华、虚谷合称为“清末海派四大家”。集“诗、书、画、印”为一身，融金石书画为一炉，被誉为“石鼓篆书第一人”、“文人画最后的高峰”。在绘画、书法、篆刻上都是旗帜性人物，在诗文、金石等方面均有很高的造诣。
吴昌硕幼时随父读书，后就学于邻村私塾，10余岁时喜刻印章，其父加以指点，初入门径。1865年中秀才，1869年赴杭州就学于诂经精舍，从名儒俞樾习小学及辞章，编成《朴巢印存》。1872年赴上海，识高邕之。1880年寓吴云（平斋）两礨轩，识吴秋农、金心兰、顾茶村、胡三桥、方子昕等，与杨岘（见山）订交。1882年居苏州，与虞山沈石友订交。1883年在沪识任伯年。1899年11月任安东县令，一月即辞。1904年任西泠印社首任社长，与王一亭结为至交，因王一亭的推介，使其名声大振。1914年任上海书画协会会长，1915年被推选为上海“题襟馆书画会”名誉会长。1927年逝于沪寓。
吴昌硕中年后始作画，绘画题材以花卉为主，亦偶作山水。前期得到任颐指点，后又参用赵之谦画法，并博采徐渭、八大山人、石涛和扬州八怪诸家之长，兼用篆、隶、狂草笔意入画，色酣墨饱，雄健古拙，亦创新貌。设色大胆，别开生面，用色混而不脏，艳而不俗，自有一种古朴的美。作品重整体，尚气势，主张“奔放处不离法度，精微处照顾气魄”，富有金石气。讲求用笔、施墨、敷彩、题款、钤印等的疏密轻重，配合得宜。
吴昌硕以篆笔写梅兰，狂草作葡萄。所作花卉木石，笔力老辣，气势雄强，布局新颖，构图也近书印的章法布白，喜取“之”字和“女”字格局，或作对角斜势。用色上似赵之谦，喜用浓丽对比的颜色，尤善用西洋红，色泽浓艳。因以“草篆书”入画，状物不求写实，形成了影响近现代中国画坛的直抒胸襟，酣畅淋漓的“大写意” 笔墨形式。
他酷爱梅花，以写大篆和草书笔法为之，墨梅、红梅兼有，画红梅水分及色彩调和恰到好处，红紫相间，笔墨酣畅。又喜作兰花，喜以或浓或淡的墨色和用篆书笔法画成，刚劲有力。画竹竿以淡墨轻抹，叶以浓墨点出，疏密相间，富有变化，或伴以松、梅、石等，成为“双清”或“三友”。菊花也是他经常入画的题材，伴以岩石，或插以高而瘦的古瓶，与菊花情状相映成趣。菊花多作黄色，亦或作墨菊和红菊。墨菊以焦墨画出，菊叶以大笔泼洒，浓淡相间。
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