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翡翠，称为“硬玉之王”！翡翠是玉石，但是说玉石是翡翠，那可就不一定了。

玉，美石为玉，可以说玉是石头的精华，具有驱邪避凶的作用。

玉的范围广阔，蓝田玉、和田玉、岫岩玉、缅甸翡翠玉、南阳独山玉、石英石玉、水晶石、鸡血石、青金石、玛瑙、珊瑚、冰川玉……这些都可以称之为玉。

▲ 蓝田玉

▲ 石英石玉

▲ 鸡血石

▲ 玛瑙

在翡翠圈，有人喜欢把翡翠叫做玉，玉石店铺、玉石生意、缅甸玉这些都是在贩卖翡翠的。但是大家要记得，翡翠只是玉的一种，玉不一定是翡翠。

玉是矿物集合体天然玉石的统称。天然玉石的种类很多，由其各自化学成分、密度、硬度、折射率的不同而呈现不同的形态。故天然玉石又分为硬玉和软玉。

翡翠属于硬玉，硬玉硬度在6.5-7，结构稳定，肉眼观察质地细腻，颜色柔和，石纹明显；轻微撞击，声音清脆悦耳；手掂有沉重感，明显区别于其它石质。

软玉，是指硬度低于翡翠的玉石。和田玉的代表是和田玉，它被称为“中国四大名玉之一”。

和田玉出自于新疆，一般块度较小，体态光滑，质地紧密，颜色以白色为最佳，细腻温润的手感让它具有了极高的收藏价值。

2

玉不等于翡翠，但包括了翡翠。有些种类的玉石总体级别远比翡翠低，价格、稳定性和稀有性都比翡翠低，如玛瑙、水沫子。

当然，有些翡翠的价格却又低于玉的价格，极个别优质的极品和田玉手镯也会高达近千万元。

翡翠和其他玉石，都有着什么区别呢？

翡翠和和田玉

1、外观上的区别。外观上的区别是两种玉石最直观的区别，和田玉外形温润、油腻质朴，翡翠则通透明亮，显得霸气外漏。

2、颜色的鉴赏方式不一样。和田玉常见的颜色是碧色、白色。鉴赏和田玉的颜色要看颜色是否给人一种干净舒服的感觉，颜色是否均匀亮丽，油润、均匀的和田玉方为上品。

翡翠颜色丰富，质优的翡翠颜色艳丽饱满，看翡翠的颜色要注意的是饱和度。

3、工艺上的差别。翡翠多被雕琢为人物，山水，花鸟等，和田玉多被制作成玉佩，玉手镯，有些和田玉制成的玉牌子有很高的收藏价值。

翡翠和岫岩玉

1. 硬度不同。岫玉和翡翠的最大区别在于硬度不同，两者用硬物轻划，岫玉会留下划痕，但是翡翠不会。

2. 光泽不同。岫玉属于软玉，有着明显的油脂光泽或是蜡状光，翡翠则是有玻璃光泽或是珍珠光泽。

翡翠和蓝田玉

蓝田玉学名称为：蛇纹石玉，和岫玉同属于四大名玉。因其和翡翠颜色相似，有商家用蓝田玉冒充翡翠。

1. 硬度和光泽。蓝田玉和岫玉一样，硬度低于翡翠，蓝田玉是蜡质光泽，翡翠是玻璃光泽。

2. 密度不同。蓝田玉密度低于翡翠，相同体积的蓝田玉和翡翠，两者重量有偏差，明显翡翠要重。

3. 透明度不同。蓝田玉大多是半透明或不透明的玉石，而翡翠的透明度有的可以达到高透明的冰种。

翡翠和独山玉

1. 密度不同。独山玉密度低于翡翠，两者拿在手中掂量，翡翠有坠手感。

2. 结果不同。独山玉是糖粒状结构，翡翠是纤维结构，有“翠性”。

3. 色调不同。独山是多色玉石，一般为肉红色或棕色，翡翠有红色，但是不会有棕色。独山玉的绿色偏暗，翡翠的绿色比较鲜艳。

玉和翡翠都有着不同的收藏价值，但是现在市场上假货也比较多，各位翠友在购买时要小心喔！

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