林纾，字琴南，号畏庐，福建闽侯人。清末民初文学家，以译西方小说和反对白话文著称于时。博学强记，能诗，能文，能画。绘画创作方面，擅山水，师法石谷而以己意出之。著有《春觉斋论画》，是为其时全力维护传统绘画的鼎力之匠。
平生不入三王派，
家法微微出苦瓜。
我意独饶山水味，
何须攻苦学名家。
林琴南 溪堂山翠图 绢本设色
纵61厘米 横34厘米
这是清末民初大文学家、翻译家林纾的一首题画诗。世人皆知林纾擅长翻译，而独得其妙。贵在林纾并不通晓外文，他是在他人口述中进行翻译，并将外文名著以中国古文形式呈现出来，速度极快、文辞优美，一生译著两百余部。而又有多少人知道林纾也是其时重要的书画家。“我意独饶山水味”，一语道出林纾独钟情于山水画创作。中央美术学院藏《山水》一幅，画家营造了一个自己的桃花源盛景，由画面左下角延伸向画幅中央的“一道清溪”指向了两间茅屋，窗前文士真有“饱饭读书无个事”的悠然自得，“卓午风微”好惬意，“清溪”两岸山石隆起，树木繁密，而画面尽头一条横水淡淡流淌。画面中山石树木的皴擦点染以及画面气氛的营造均充满古意，中国绘画传统意蕴浓厚。在中西文化激烈碰撞的时代里，林纾以文学、诗词、绘画等多种形式坚守着中国传统文脉。
林琴南 仿龚半千画 纸本设色
绘画对于林纾来说也是营造其精神家园的一种重要方式。他晚年闭门谢世，“专意绘画，不恒译书”，在自己的书斋画室里，构建属于自己的“世外桃源”。年近七十还每天六七小时站在画桌前作画，其晚年山水画境界造诣大增。郑逸梅在《林纾卖画》一文中说：“小说泰斗林纾兼擅丹青，山水得宋元人遗意。当其寓居北平时，小说也，寿文墓志也，大小画件也，以求之者多，所入甚丰。某巨公(陈衍)因称其寓为造币厂，实则悉以所获周恤族人，至死无一瓦之覆，一垄之植也。所作画，海上商务印书馆印成《畏庐画集》，为艺林所称赏。”动荡年代里林纾凭借自己的小说、诗文、画作营造出一个“造币厂”，而所换钱财“实则悉以所获周恤族人，至死无一瓦之覆，一垄之植也”，可见其人大善。
林纾对于中国传统文脉有自己独到的认识。这一番见解在其重要画论著述《春觉斋论画》中体现突出。《春觉斋论画》是林纾晚年“萃数十年中挥翰之心得而成”的绘画理论成果。该画论大致完成于新文化运动风生水起之时，新文化派高呼“中国近世之画衰败极矣”。而新文化运动横扫中国大地，艺术领域中革新派对于传统派绘画的抨击也掷地有声。康有为在其《万木草堂藏画目》中提道：将近代国画衰败的原因归结为对四王、二石绘画的推崇，并弃之为糟粕。并提出变革的办法“以形神为主而不取写意，以着色界画为正而以墨笔粗简者为别派。士气固可贵，而以院体为画正法”。而林纾在这种时潮中写就的《春觉斋论画》则表明了对待西画的坚决抵御的态度，和坚持维护中国传统绘画的态度。
另外，北京地区较早出现的传统绘画团体是“宣南画社”，梁启超、姚华、陈师曾、贺履之、林纾、萧俊贤等均加入，并邀请同年进京的江南名画家汤定之先生进行指导，每周聚会一次，吟诗作画谈艺论文，地位不分高低，来不迎，去不送，属于结社松散的定期雅集性质的社团。以宣南画社为交流平台，形成北京画坛富于传统绘画实力的画家群体。而林纾《春觉斋论画》即成文于1915年成立的宣南画社至1920年成立的中国画学研究会这一时间段中，较早反驳“全盘西化”的民族虚无主义大潮，论画以返归宋元为旨归，推崇宋元大家尤以王蒙、王石谷为上，画论提倡以“天机气韵”“学养胸次”为途径摹写古人遗法。
林纾 山水 绢本设色
纵55厘米 横32厘米 中央美术学院美术馆藏
对于山水画的理解，林纾在其《春觉斋论画》中专有论述：“凡作奔泉怒暴一湾千尺者山必高远而有来源。余尝登方广岩观珠帘泉之顶如剖卧钟之半，平置岩顶水漫其上，可经亩湾泉处势微，洼泉自洼处奔落，因风散洒遂成竹帘。苟山上无此经亩之泉脉何以长日跳珠溅沫未有已停上时此正言来源厚也。若作大瀑布一海辄数里之远则来源非数十里之远决无此大力。然来源何从写则当从高远中求之。山高而瀑狂则山后必有无穷之山渊水积其上无可发泄故必奔凑一缺口卫激而下此写泉之源也。若瀑飞动酣猛其下受水处既且狭则于画理便不通矣。”如此精到细微地对自然的观察和对绘画的理解，方可绘制出精妙的山水作品。
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阳钥侦4254林纾是如何嗜书如命的?
霍袁冠18285824985 ______ 林纾小时候家里十分贫穷,却啧书如命,因为买不起书,只好向别人借来自己抄,然后按约定的时间归还.他曾自己在墙上画了一具棺材,旁边写着“读书则生,不则入棺”,意思是他活着就要读书,如果不读书,还不如死去,他把这八个字作为座右铭时刻来鼓励、鞭策自己.林纾经常在清油灯下捧着书孜孜不倦地苦读到三更半夜,一定要读完一卷书才肯入睡.由于家境贫寒,加上读书的辛苦劳累,林纾十八岁时患了肺病,连续十年经常咳血,但即使是卧病在床他还是坚持刻苦攻读.到二十二岁时,他己读了古书两千多卷;三十岁时,他读的书已达一万多卷了,终于成为一代大家.
阳钥侦4254各位大虾:有木有学伟人读书的手抄报内容或图片,告诉我吧!! -
霍袁冠18285824985 ______ 你要做手抄报吧,首先要有内容.先是读书的名人名言我给你举一些,自己选一些 中国 1、敏而好学,不耻下问——孔子 2、业精于勤,荒于嬉;行成于思,毁于随——韩愈 3、学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆——孔子 4、知之者不如好之者,好...
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阳钥侦4254大翻译家林纾在历史上是怎样的人物?大翻译家林纾在历史上是怎样的人
霍袁冠18285824985 ______ 最早的大翻译家是林纾.近代文学家、翻译 家.林纾翻译小说始于1897年,与王寿昌合译法 国小仲马《巴黎茶花女遗事》,1899年1月刊 行.这是中国介绍西洋小说的第一部.接着他专译欧美小说,先后共译作品180余种.介绍有 美、英、法、俄.希腊、德、比利时、瑞 士、挪威、西班牙的作品.林纾译得最多的是英 国哈葛德的作品,有20种,其次为英国柯南道 尔,有7种.林纾译了不少世界名人的名著,像俄国托尔斯泰的《现身说法》等.他的小说颇 能保有原文的情调,人物也能传原著之神.他译 的速度也是惊人的.
阳钥侦4254被称为“中国西学第一人”的是( ).A.魏源 B.林则徐 C.林纾被称为“”的是( ).A.魏源 B.林则徐 C.林纾(我知道严复是中国西学第一人,但这道题没有... -
霍袁冠18285824985 ______[答案] 这个命题真的意思. 既然没有严复,那就得筛选喽. 林纾好像有提出什么要学习西洋文化之类的东西,但他应该是翻译了一些西方著作. 林则徐与西方文化只是军事与外交方面的交集. 魏源著有《海国图志》一书,倡导学习西方先进技术,给中国近代思...
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霍袁冠18285824985 ______ 林纾:湖心泛月记 林纾 杭人佞佛,以六月十九日为佛诞.先一日,阖城士女皆夜出,进香于三竺诸寺.有司不能禁,留涌金门待之. 余食既,同陈氏二生霞轩、诒孙亦出城荡舟,为湖游.霞轩能洞箫,遂以箫从. 月上吴山,雾霭溟濛,截然...